The variation in types of organisms and their differentiation is known as bio diversity .
The differentiation in living animals and plants, their types, number ,similarities and their interrelation is bio diversity .
The animals, plants , organisms and ecosystems present in per unit area are called bio diversity of that area . Or
The interrelation and coexistence of the animals, plants , and microorganisms in the air , water and soil and their diversity is called bio diversity .
Bio diversity
Agenda 21 was passed by the UN 's Environment And Development related agency at rio de generio in 1992 which was the base of bio diversity .
Objective view on bio diversity
- Bio diversity is a combination of all animals, plants , organisms and microorganisms per unit area
- In reality All the living organisms found in earth are combinely bio diversity ,
- Word bio diversity was first used in the 1970 s ,
- Aristotle identified 500- 600 species ,
- In 1968 zoologist Remond f. Dasman used the term bio diversity in " The different Land Of Country " ,
- American zoologist F. O. Wilson is considered as father of bio diversity .
Types of biodiversity
* Ecosystem diversity
* Species diversity or taxonomic diversity
* Genetic diversity or morphological diversity
Importance of biodiversity
- To protect the existence of organisms ,
- Sustainable conservation of sources ,
- To protect the natural view,
- To balance the natural process,
- To economic and social development ,
- To develop the industry based on forest ,
- To create employment ,
- To develop tourism spot for economic development ,
- To protect and use the herbs , woods and grass ,
- To control flood , landslide and soil erosion ,
- To preserve water resources,
- To balance the food cycle,
- To eradicate poverty,
- To develop research and development sector ,
Water source
Causes of deterioration of bio diversity
- Deforestation,
- Population growth and poverty ,
- Excessive exploitation of forest resources ,
- Illegal hunting and poaching ,
- Business of biotic sources , and
- Chemical fertiliser and insecticides .
Unfavourable effect on bio diversity
- Degradation of ecosystem ,
- Loss of habitat ,
- Loss of animal mobility ,and
- Limitation of expansion of vegetation .
Effects of biodiversity on climate
Biodiversity plays an important role to store the green house gases . Carbon dioxide is stored in forest , bio fuel , coal or rock and water sources .
Forest is an important source to use carbon . Agricultural crops has also capacity to store carbon but forest can store 20 to 100 times more carbon than agricultural crops . Plants helps to maintain the temperature of earth surface . It helps to recharge and store underground water .
International treaties regarding conservation of bio diversity
- Convention on Wetlands of International Impotence Especially as Water Habitat - 1971
- Convention for the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage - 1972
- Convention on International Trade in Edangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) 1973
- Agreement on the Network of Aquaculture Centers in Asia and Pacific - 1988
- Convention on Biological Diversity - 1992
- United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change - 1992
- United Nations Convention on Climate Change - 1992
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