Simply, Migration is a process of moving man , animal and material from one place to another for temporary or permanent time period .
It is a continuous process . If you look at the history of migration then it is showed that it was started since the existence of human life . Migration can rapidly change the demography of any place . To be under migration category there must be certain time , place , and distance involved .
Migration
Migration can be of different types mainly Internal migration and International migration .
• Internal migration : Migration within the country and
• International migration : Migration from one country to another .
The process of migration from the place of origin is called emigration .
The condition of reaching the place of destination is called immigration .
Reasons of migration
Two main factors motivates the people to migrate
1 push factor
2 pull factor
1. Push factor
- Unemployment and semi employment ,
- Lack of the facilities of education, health , drinking water , transportation , communication ,
- Poverty and lack of agricultural land ,
- Culture of educated man shouldn't do farming ,
- social violence and reasons .
Migration trend
2. Pull factors
- availability of employment opportunities ,
- possibility of infrastructure of development ,
- peace and political stability ,
- Opportunity of education and freedom of personal choice ,
- Facility of modern culture and values .
Consequences of migration
Consequences of migration in origin place
- Scarcity of educated and skilled human resources ,
- Depreciation in productivity ,
- Increases man - land ratio ,
- Increment in old and child population ,
-Lack of innovation .
Consequences of migration in destination place
- Increases the number of educated and skilled human resources ,
- Increase in productivity ,
- Decreases man -land ratio ,
- Chances of new innovation .
Positive consequences
- Supply of labour forces ,
- Creation of market , Increase in capacity to distribute means and sources , and
- Diversity in occupation and business .
Negative consequences
- Lack of manpower for source distribution ,
- Excessive pressure on land ,
- Increase in social crime ,
- Increase in rate poverty and creation of class ,
- Lack of proportional representation ,
- Unhealthy competition between skilled manpower ,
- Spoiltation of culture ,
- Impact on origin's culture and tradition ,
- Environmental problem , and
- Chances of unmanaged urbanisation .
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